【国外标准】 Information technology - Security techniques - Message Authentication Codes (MACs) - Part 2: Mechanisms using a dedicated hash-function

Message Authentication Code (MAC) algorithms are data integrity mechanisms that compute a short string (the Message Authentication Code or MAC) as a complex function of every bit of the data and of a secret key. Their main security property is unforgeability: someone who does not know the secret key should not be able to predict the MAC on any new data string. MAC algorithms can be used to provide data integrity. Their purpose is the detection of any unauthorized modification of the data such as deletion, insertion, or transportation of items within data. This includes both malicious and accidental modifications. MAC algorithms can also provide data origin authentication. This means that they can provide assurance that a message has been originated by an entity in possession of a specific secret key.